Which art movement responded to the Industrial Revolution with its expression?

Romanticism is correct as it emerged as a response to the Industrial Revolution by emphasizing emotion, nature, and individualism. This movement arose in part as a reaction against the mechanization and industrialization of the time, which many artists felt led to a disconnection from the natural world and human creativity. Romantic artists celebrated the beauty of nature, the power of imagination, and the importance of personal experience, often portraying dramatic and idealized subjects that reflected deep emotional states.

In contrast, while Realism aimed to depict everyday life and often included themes related to socio-political issues arising from industrialization, it did not necessarily emphasize the emotional or imaginative aspects that characterize Romanticism. Baroque, much earlier than the Industrial Revolution, focused on grandeur and dramatic expression without addressing the themes of industrial society. Futurism, while also reacting to modernity, embraced technology and speed, often glorifying industrial society rather than critiquing or expressing emotional despair about it. Thus, Romanticism stands out as the movement that most clearly responded to the societal changes brought on by the Industrial Revolution with its focus on emotion and nature.