Frescoes were traditionally painted on which of the following surfaces?

Frescoes are a technique of mural painting that involves applying water-based pigments to freshly laid wet plaster. When the plaster dries, it becomes an integral part of the wall, creating a durable and vibrant work of art. This process allows for a unique fusion of paint and surface, as the chemical reaction between the pigments and the plaster helps to seal and protect the artwork. The method has been used for centuries, seen in notable works like Michelangelo's Sistine Chapel ceiling.

The other surface choices—canvas, wood, and paper—are not traditional surfaces for fresco painting. While canvas is a popular medium for painting, it requires a different technique called tempera or oil painting. Wood has historically been used for panel paintings, and paper serves well for drawing and prints, but neither supports the fresco technique due to the structural and chemical properties needed for the plaster application.